March 31, 1814, marked the end of Napoleon’s 1812 campaign, as the Russian army entered Paris
In 1811, Napoleon declared, “In five years, I will rule the entire world. Only Russia remains—I will conquer it.” On June 24, 1812, he led his Grand Army into Russia. At the time, it was an immense force of over half a million men, half of them French, the rest from annexed nations. No wonder the Russians called it “the invasion of twelve languages.” Despite their numbers, Napoleon’s troops met fierce resistance. By December 26, 1812, the war ended in a decisive Russian victory. The Grand Army was nearly annihilated, Russian lands were liberated, and the fighting moved into Europe. This victory came at a cost. The Russians endured a […]