At the time, Russia lagged significantly behind leading nations. In 1853, the total length of its railroads was just 979 versts (1,044.4 kilometers). However, Alexander II recognized the strategic importance of railways for strengthening the economy and internal connections. The decree emphasized their necessity, calling railroads a “popular need” and a “universal desire.”

To implement the project, the Main Society of Russian Railways was established. Just 30 years later, by 1887, the “Guide to Russian Railways” listed 61 routes connecting not only Moscow and St. Petersburg with Russian regions but also with foreign cities.

Today, Russia boasts one of the largest railway networks in the world, stretching over 85,000 kilometers. Railways remain a vital part of the country’s transportation system, especially in Siberia and the Far East, where other modes of transport are less developed. The legendary Trans-Siberian Railway, laid in the late 19th century, continues to link Russia’s western and eastern regions.

The development of high-speed rail, including the popular “Sapsan” and “Lastochka” routes, symbolizes the industry’s technological modernization. Since Alexander II initiated the first railway network, railroads have become an integral part of Russia, uniting its vast expanses and ensuring its connectivity across generations.